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Applying a protective barrier liner is an effective method for improving upholstery safety. This approach involves incorporating a layer between the upholstery fabric and the cushioning material that can resist ignition and limit the spread of flames, thus enhancing the overall fire resistance of upholstered furniture. Barrier liners often comply with safety regulations and standards, helping to mitigate risks associated with flammability and providing additional time for occupants to escape in case of a fire.

In contrast, untreated fabrics would not have any fire-retardant properties, making them less safe in the event of a fire. Decorative elements, while they may enhance the aesthetic appeal, do not contribute to safety in terms of flammability or physical hazard prevention. Using lower density foam might seem to provide comfort benefits but does not necessarily improve safety; lower density foams can sometimes be more flammable or provide less structural support, which may compromise the upholstery's safety performance. Thus, the application of a protective barrier liner is the most effective strategy among the choices given for enhancing the safety of upholstery.