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The primary function of an air system in a building is to cool or heat spaces effectively, primarily through the use of conditioned air. An air system, often referred to as HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning), is designed to maintain a comfortable indoor environment by regulating temperature. It achieves this by either cooling or heating the air that is circulated throughout the building.

While other aspects, such as controlling humidity levels, are certainly important and part of a comprehensive HVAC system, the fundamental role is centered around temperature control through the manipulation of air. Sound insulation and distributing natural light do not fall under the primary functions of an air system. Instead, these aspects are managed through other building systems and materials like insulation, window design, and soundproofing techniques. Understanding the core focus of HVAC systems helps clarify their role in effective environmental comfort and human occupancy.